What is the author's main purpose?

Athens and Sparta were the two advanced Greek cities of the world Hellenic period (1750-338 B.C.). Both had a city-state type of government, and both took slaves from the people they conquered. However, the differences outweigh the similarities in these two ancient civilizations. Sparta was holistic, warlike (constantly fighting in the neighboring cities), and military, while Athens catered more towards the democratic and cultural way of life. The latter city left its mark in the fields of art, literature, philosophy, and science, while the former passed on its totalitarianism and superior military traditions. The present system of a well-rounded education followed in the United States is based on the ancient Athenian idea. The Spartan system, on the other hand, was concerned only with military education.

Which of the following was not mentioned as part of Athens's cultural heritage?

Pahela Baishakh is perhaps the single biggest celebration for the Bengalees. On this morning everybody is happy and relaxed, and everybody has a smile on their lips. Greeting are exchanged, gifts given and received, and sweets distributed. Violence and despair do not figure on this day: they are things done away with, and it is only the joy and happiness of the moment that unit the Bengalees. Tragedy and absurdity take leave, to be replaced by hopes and dreams. For are we not what we dream? And on Pahela Baishakh, the Bengalees dream and sing, and we are left wondering, in a quiet moment by ourselves, how a nation which is so fond of music and songs, which has created and produced amongst the best poets and singers of the world, can stoop to such low level of moral depravity. It must not be allowed to flourish.On this first day of Bengali New Year, the resolution should be one of amity of love and compassion not one hate and discord. Let us all attempt to rise above our self-seeking selves, to unite together. For once, let us not allow our petty difference to rule our hearts: the Bengalees are capable of far better, far superior things as has been proven over and over again. Let us all say on Pahela Baishakh, with determination. "Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high, where knowledge is free, where words come out from the depths of truth - into that heaven of freedom, my father, let my country awake".

The writer is making the following statements, except:

In an effort to produce the largest, fastest and most luxurious ship afloat, the British built the S.S. Titanic. It was so superior to anything else on the seas that it was dubbed ‘unsinkable’. So sure of this were the owners that they provided only twenty life boats and rafts, less than one-half the number needed for the 2,227 passengers on board. Many passengers were aboard the night it rammed an iceberg only two days at sea and more than halfway between England and its New-York destination. Because the luxury liner was travelling so fast, it was impossible to avoid the ghostly looking iceberg. An unextinguished fire also contributed to the ship’s submersion. Panic increased the number of casualties as people jumped into the icy water or fought to be among the few to board the life boats. Four hours after the mishap, another ship, the ‘Carpathia’, rescued 705 survivors.

What is the main idea of the passage?